Ear Infection SOS: How to Soothe Pain and Prevent Recurrence

Whether you’re battling a dull ache, a sharp stab of pain, or a sudden loss of balance, ear infections are incredibly common—but understanding them can make a world of difference to your comfort and recovery. At Islay Pharmacy, we’re here to help you decode the symptoms, choose the right treatments, and prevent recurrences for good.

Understanding Ear Anatomy

Your ear is made up of three major sections, each playing a unique and vital role:
– Outer Ear: Collects sound waves through the pinna and directs them into the ear canal.
– Middle Ear: Includes the eardrum and three tiny bones (ossicles) that transmit and amplify sound.
– Inner Ear: Converts mechanical sound into electrical signals and helps regulate balance through the cochlea and vestibular system.
Infections can affect any of these regions, with different symptoms and treatments depending on which part is involved.

1. Otitis Externa (Outer Ear Infection)

Commonly called “Swimmer’s Ear,” otitis externa is an infection of the outer ear canal, often caused by water remaining in the ear after swimming or showering. This creates a moist environment ideal for bacterial or fungal growth.

Risk Factors:
– Frequent swimming or water exposure
– Use of earbuds or hearing aids
– Eczema or skin irritation
– Overcleaning with cotton buds

Symptoms:
– Pain when touching or pulling the ear
– Itchiness and redness
– Swelling and discharge
– Muffled hearing

Treatment:
– Acetic acid (can be purchased over the counter) or antimicrobial drops (prescription only)
– Steroid drops to reduce inflammation (prescription)
– Referral for prescription ear drops if required (e.g., ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone)
– Advice to keep the ear dry during healing

2. Otitis Media (Middle Ear Infection)

Otitis media is an infection of the space behind the eardrum. It’s most common in children and often follows a cold or respiratory illness.

Symptoms:
– Sudden ear pain
– Fever and irritability
– Hearing difficulty
– Discharge if the eardrum bursts

Treatment:
– Pain relief with paracetamol or ibuprofen
– Monitoring for 48–72 hours
– GP referral for antibiotics (e.g., amoxicillin) if symptoms persist or worsen
In rare cases, untreated otitis media may lead to complications such as mastoiditis or chronic hearing problems.

3. Recurrent Otitis Media (Chronic)

Frequent infections can result in persistent fluid build-up (glue ear), especially in children. This can interfere with hearing and speech development.
Treatment may involve:
– Regular monitoring by a GP
– Referral to ENT for possible grommet insertion

4. Inner Ear Infections (Labyrinthitis & Vestibular Neuritis)

These conditions affect the balance and hearing structures deep within the ear. They are usually viral and can follow cold or flu symptoms.

Symptoms:
– Severe vertigo
– Nausea and vomiting
– Balance disturbances
– Hearing loss or tinnitus (with labyrinthitis)

Treatment:
– Rest and hydration
– Medications like prochlorperazine for nausea (prescription only)
– In some cases, betahistine for lingering dizziness (prescription only)
– Referral to ENT if symptoms persist

5. Earwax Blockage (Cerumen Impaction)

Wax protects the ear, but excess build-up can lead to discomfort, hearing loss, or infection. Cotton buds often push wax deeper, making things worse.
Safe treatment options:
– Olive oil or sodium bicarbonate drops (Pharmacy First scheme)
– Cerumol® or Otex® to soften wax
– Micro suction or irrigation by trained professionals

When to See a GP or Refer to ENT

– Symptoms lasting longer than 3 days
– Severe or worsening pain or fever
– Discharge containing blood or pus
– Hearing loss or balance issues
– Speech delays in children

Prevention Tips from Islay Pharmacy

– Keep ears dry after swimming
– Don’t insert objects into your ears
– Use earplugs if prone to swimmer’s ear
– Treat nasal and sinus congestion early
– Keep earbuds and hearing aids clean
– Stay up to date with flu and pneumococcal vaccines

We’re Here to Help

Islay Pharmacy offers:
– Pharmacy First Scotland consultations
– Advice and over-the-counter treatments
– Support for adults, children, and visitors

Pop in for friendly, local ear care advice.  We promise not to talk your ear off!